The Evolution of the Concept of Home in Iranian Architecture: From Traditional Settlements to Contemporary Housing

Abstract

The home, transcending its function as a mere shelter, is a fundamental "biological need" deeply embedded within the human socio-cultural fabric. It stands as a tangible manifestation of human presence, social relationships, culture, and customs. However, in the contemporary era, the profound concepts and essences of human dwelling, which originate from the rich architectural heritage of this land, have been largely neglected and forgotten. This research aims to meticulously examine the meaning and concept of the home and to recognize the values and meanings that constitute its essence and form. It undertakes a comparative study of non-Iranian, Iranian, and Islamic perspectives surrounding this concept.

This paper adopts a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method. Data was collected through library and documentary studies, including the review of theoretical texts, scholarly articles, and books related to traditional and contemporary architecture, as well as a qualitative content analysis of various definitions and theories about the concept of home. Subsequently, using a comparative approach, the desirable characteristics and qualities of traditional Iranian houses were examined in contrast to the features of contemporary housing.

The findings of this research indicate that the spiritual principles governing the architecture of traditional homes, which are deeply rooted in indigenous culture and values, can still serve as fundamental and guiding foundations in the design and construction of modern dwellings. This approach can provide a more comprehensive response to the biological, social, and cultural needs of residents.